Creativitate Wikipedia. Creativitatea este un procesmental i social care implic generarea unor idei sau concepte noi, sau noi asocieri ale minii creative ntre idei sau concepte existente. Creativitatea este un concept multidimensional i se poate manifesta n multiple domenii. Identificarea i cuantificarea naturii creativitii constituie obiective dificile. Conceptul de creativitate poate fi definit din perspectiva unor discipline diferite psihologie, psihologie social, tiine cognitive, arte, inteligen artificial, filozofie, economie, management etc. Dificultatea definirii creativitii rezid n asocierile particulare ale acestui concept cu artele, n natura complex a creativitii i n varietatea teoriilor care au fost dezvoltate pentru a o explica. Muli oameni asociaz creativitatea n special cu artele muzica, teatrul, dansul, literatura etc. Aa cum s a precizat mai sus, creativitatea nu este proprie numai pentru arte, ci este la fel de fundamental pentru progresele din tiine, din matematic, tehnologie, politic, afaceri i n toate domeniile vieii cotidiene. Un termen nrudit cu creativitatea este creatologia, sugerat de Magyari Beck, I. Exist numeroase definiii ale creativitii, fr s fie formulat o definiie general acceptat. Applied Imagination Alex Osborn Pdf' title='Applied Imagination Alex Osborn Pdf' />Unele definiii sunt contradictorii sau subiective, de aceea, n continuare, sunt citate cteva definiii din dicionare de referin, precum i definiii propuse de experi n studiul creativitii. Dicionarul enciclopedic 1. Dicionarul Webster 1. Enciclopedia Britannica41 prezint o definiie concentrat pe obiectivele activitii creative creativitatea este abilitatea de a face sau, altfel spus, de a produce ceva nou, fie o nou soluie a unei probleme, fie o nou metod sau un dispozitiv nou sau un nou obiect artistic ori o nou form artistic. Dicionarul ROBERT 1. O definiie ampl a creativitii a fost enunat de Ellis Paul Torrance 1. Applied Imagination Alex Osborn Free DownloadBrainstormen is een creativiteitstechniek met als doel snel, veel nieuwe ideen over een bepaald onderwerp of vraagstuk te genereren. Het kenmerk van een. Common Brainstorming Mistakes. The concept of brainstorming was first introduced by advertising executive Alex Osborn in his book Applied Imagination. Brainstorming Genius is one percent inspiration and ninetynine percent perspiration. Thomas Alva Edison. What is Brainstorming Brainstorming is a. Teresa M. Amabile,Ph. D. n Psihologie, profesor i eful Unitii de Management Antreprenorial la Harvard Business School SUA, mpreun cu coautorii 72 definesc creativitatea ca producerea de idei noi i utile n orice domeniu al activitii umane, de la tiine la arte, n educaie, n afaceri sau n viaa cotidian. Inovaia constituie implementarea ideilor creative ntr o organizaie. Input ul creativ este o parte esenial a rezolvrii problemelor care apar n toate fazele procesului de inovaie. Creativitatea persoanelor i echipelor este o condiie necesar ns nu i suficient pentru inovare cf. Teresa M. Amabile et al. Inovaia de succes depinde i de ali factori, aceasta poate proveni nu numai din ideile creative care i au originea ntr o organizaie, ci i din idei create n alt parte ca n transferul tehnologic. Cercetrile 8 sugereaz c trei factori pot determina creativitatea individual n orice situaie Expertiza este baza oricrei activiti creative. Aceasta i ofer unei persoane cunotinele tehnice, procedurale i intelectuale pentru a identifica elementele importante ale oricrei probleme particulare. Competene de gndire creativ se refer la modul imaginativ, inventiv i flexibil n care persoana abordeaz problemele aceste competene depind de trsturile personale independen, orientare spre acceptarea riscului, toleran pentru ambiguitate i de tipul de gndire. Gndirea creativ se caracterizeaz prin abilitate puternic de a genera noi idei prin combinarea unor elemente anterior disparate. Motivaia este n general acceptat ca fundamental pentru creativitate,iar cei mai importani factori motivani sunt pasiunea intrinsec auto motivaia i interesul intrinsec de a efectua lucrarea obiectul creaiei, care sunt mai eficieni dect motivaia extrinsec recompense,recunoatere. Intr un sens, persoanele creative sunt la discreia propriilor valori i motivaii i se ocup cel mai bine de probleme pentru care au o puternic afinitate emoional. O definiie a creativitii dat de National Advisory Committee on Creative and Cultural Education din Anglia 93 este urmtoarea O activitate imaginativ adaptat astfel nct s produc rezultate care sunt att originale ct i de valoare. Aceast definiie accentueaz rezultatele,mai degrab dect procesele de creaie. Caracteristicile proceselor de creaie sunt clasificate,de regul, n patru categorii. In primul rnd,creativitatea implic totdeauna gndirea sau comportarea imaginativ. Activitatea imaginativ este un proces de generare a ceva original oferirea unei alternative la ceea ce este convenional, de ateptat sau de rutin. In al doilea rnd, n mod general, aceast activitate imaginativ are un scop precis adic este direcionat spre atingerea unui anumit obiectiv sau rezolvarea unei probleme centrale. Uneori, obiectivul se modific, atunci cnd apar noi idei i posibiliti uneori, de exemplu n procese de invenii sau descoperiri sunt identificate noi scopuri cnd produsul sau ideea iniial au aprut. In al treilea rnd, aceste procese trebuie s genereze ceva original. Originalitatea poate fi de mai multe categorii individual n raport cu rezultatul anterior al persoanei, relativ fa de grupul de care aparine sau istoric rezultatul este original n raport cu orice realizare anterioar n domeniul particular. Valoarea este aici o apreciere a unei anumite proprieti a rezultatului. Exist multe judeci posibile ale valorii,n funcie de domeniul de activitate n chestiune eficient, util, agreabil, valabil, tenabil durabil. Exist multe aspecte ale creativitii n funcie de domeniul de creaie, ns o definiie ar include abilitatea de a combina cunotine din domenii anterior disparate, de a lua obiecte sau idei existente i a le combina n moduri diferite pentru noi scopuri. Astfel, o definiie simpl a creativitii este aciunea de a combina elemente anterior necombinate 1. Au fost propuse trei tipuri de creativitate Florida, R., 2. Toate aceste dimensiuni ale creativitii se afl n corelaie, implicnd procese de gndire comune i completndu se reciproc. Economia creativ este rezultatul corelaiilor dintre tehnologii, arte i afaceri. Shotgun Messiah Second Coming Rarest here. Dup Departamentul de Comer i Industrie din Anglia1. Aceast definiie, orientat spre creativitatea economic, prezint o preferin pentru termenul inovaie i consider creativitatea ca prima faz din procesul de inovare. Creativitatea are un rol n amplificarea tuturor aspectelor performanei n afaceri de la proiectarea noilor produse i servicii pn la introducerea lor n producie, marketingul i distribuialivrarea acestora. Pe de alt parte, este un fapt curent s se asocieze creativitatea cu diferite sectoare cum sunt filmul, muzica, pictura sau designul. Activitile creative care se bazeaz pe creativitate individual, competene i talent pot include publicitatea, filmul i video, arhitectura, muzica, pictura, artele de reprezentaii performance n l. Creativitatea tiinific, n termenii cei mai simpli, implic descoperirea unor adevruri tiinifice. Creativitatea tiinific a fost tratat pe larg n cartea lui Abraham Moles 1. La cration scientifique1. Creativitatea artistic este aptitudinea de a reda lucruri apreciate pentru frumuseea lor estetic exist doar la indivizii cu predispoziie vizual i tactil pentru art. Creativitatea conceptual implic crearea de soluii sub forma de concepte relevante unice, pentru problemele existente i emergente. Brainstorming Wikipedia. Brainstorming is a group creativity technique by which efforts are made to find a conclusion for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas spontaneously contributed by its members. The term was popularized by Alex Faickney Osborn in the 1. Applied Imagination. Advertising executive Alex F. Osborn began developing methods for creative problem solving in 1. He was frustrated by employees inability to develop creative ideas individually for ad campaigns. In response, he began hosting group thinking sessions and discovered a significant improvement in the quality and quantity of ideas produced by employees. Osborn outlined his method in the 1. Your Creative Power in chapter 3. How to Organize a Squad to Create Ideas. Osborns methodeditbrainstorming activity conducting. Osborn claimed that two principles contribute to ideative efficacy, these being  Defer judgment,Reach for quantity. Following these two principles were his four general rules of brainstorming, established with intention to  reduce social inhibitions among group members. Go for quantity This rule is a means of enhancing divergent production, aiming to facilitate problem solving through the maxim quantity breeds quality. The assumption is that the greater the number of ideas generate the bigger the chance of producing a radical and effective solution. Withhold criticism In brainstorming, criticism of ideas generated should be put on hold. Instead, participants should focus on extending or adding to ideas, reserving criticism for a later critical stage of the process. By suspending judgment, participants will feel free to generate unusual ideas. Welcome wild ideas To get a good long list of suggestions, wild ideas are encouraged. They can be generated by looking from new perspectives and suspending assumptions. These new ways of thinking might give you better solutions. Combine and improve ideas As suggested by the slogan 113. It is believed to stimulate the building of ideas by a process of association. ApplicationseditOsborn notes that brainstorming should address a specific question he held that sessions addressing multiple questions were inefficient. Further, the problem must require the generation of ideas rather than judgment he uses examples such as generating possible names for a product as proper brainstorming material, whereas analytical judgments such as whether or not to marry do not have any need for brainstorming. Osborn envisioned groups of around 1. Participants are encouraged to provide wild and unexpected answers. Ideas receive no criticism or discussion. The group simply provides ideas that might lead to a solution and apply no analytical judgment as to the feasibility. The judgments are reserved for a later date. VariationseditNominal group techniqueeditParticipants are asked to write their ideas anonymously. Then the facilitator collects the ideas and the group votes on each idea. The vote can be as simple as a show of hands in favor of a given idea. This process is called distillation. After distillation, the top ranked ideas may be sent back to the group or to subgroups for further brainstorming. Pure Data Patch Examples'>Pure Data Patch Examples. For example, one group may work on the color required in a product. Another group may work on the size, and so forth. Each group will come back to the whole group for ranking the listed ideas. Sometimes ideas that were previously dropped may be brought forward again once the group has re evaluated the ideas. It is important that the facilitator be trained in this process before attempting to facilitate this technique. The group should be primed and encouraged to embrace the process. Like all team efforts it may take a few practice sessions to train the team in the method before tackling the important ideas. Group passing techniqueeditEach person in a circular group writes down one idea, and then passes the piece of paper to the next person, who adds some thoughts. This continues until everybody gets his or her original piece of paper back. By this time, it is likely that the group will have extensively elaborated on each idea. The group may also create an idea book and post a distribution list or routing slip to the front of the book. On the first page is a description of the problem. The first person to receive the book lists his or her ideas and then routes the book to the next person on the distribution list. The second person can log new ideas or add to the ideas of the previous person. This continues until the distribution list is exhausted. A follow up read out meeting is then held to discuss the ideas logged in the book. This technique takes longer, but it allows individuals time to think deeply about the problem. Team idea mapping methodeditThis method of brainstorming works by the method of association. It may improve collaboration and increase the quantity of ideas, and is designed so that all attendees participate and no ideas are rejected. The process begins with a well defined topic. Each participant brainstorms individually, then all the ideas are merged onto one large idea map. During this consolidation phase, participants may discover a common understanding of the issues as they share the meanings behind their ideas. During this sharing, new ideas may arise by the association, and they are added to the map as well. Once all the ideas are captured, the group can prioritize andor take action. Directed brainstormingeditDirected brainstorming is a variation of electronic brainstorming described below. It can be done manually or with computers. Directed brainstorming works when the solution space that is, the set of criteria for evaluating a good idea is known prior to the session. If known, those criteria can be used to constrain the Ideation process intentionally. In directed brainstorming, each participant is given one sheet of paper or electronic form and told the brainstorming question. They are asked to produce one response and stop, then all of the papers or forms are randomly swapped among the participants. The participants are asked to look at the idea they received and to create a new idea that improves on that idea based on the initial criteria. The forms are then swapped again and respondents are asked to improve upon the ideas, and the process is repeated for three or more rounds. In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming. Wondershare Dr Fone 4 Keygen Photoshop. Guided brainstormingedit A guided brainstorming session is time set aside to brainstorm either individually or as a collective group about a particular subject under the constraints of perspective and time. This type of brainstorming removes all cause for conflict and constrains conversations while stimulating critical and creative thinking in an engaging, balanced environment. Participants are asked to adopt different mindsets for pre defined period of time while contributing their ideas to a central mind map drawn by a pre appointed scribe. Having examined a multi perspective point of view, participants seemingly see the simple solutions that collectively create greater growth. Action is assigned individually.